Proddatur Municipality is 2nd largest ULB in the Y.S.R district of A.P. it is spread over an area of 7.12 Sq Kms with a population of 1,62,717 (2011 census). It is famous for gold business, cloth business.

Location

It is located 425 Kms. from capital city and 55 Kms from District Head Quarters. It was established as Proddatur Municipality in the year 1915. There are 4 Zones / 40 election wards in the Municipality.

Topography

Proddatur Town is located at 14.42 N 78.32 E, and is on 158 m ( 518 of fts) penna river flows from west to east and town located at elevation of 158 m (158 ft)

Climate and Rainfall

Proddatur Town, in general has a tropical climate, winters last from November to February , while summers last from March to June. The annual rainfall average is 121mm, most of it received during the months of August, September.

Demography

The population of the town which was 150309 in 2001 increased to 162717 in 2011 with an increase of 7.62% in the last decade.

Economy

The livelihood of majority of the people is agriculture the cultivation is mostly rained is both kharif and rabi seasons. The main industries in the town cotton, oil and Proddatur Town is famous for gold, cloth business.

Environmental issues

To prevent or reduce the effect of environmental issues. It is proposed to implementation of MSWM Project under Swachh Andhra and the five major drains are passing. Through the town for which the 1 MLD waste water treatment plant is propsed under Swahh Bharat with a tune of Rs. 500 Lakhs

Urban Poor

Proddatur Town population is 162717 as per 2011 census. The slum population is 53,647 in 44 slums (Notified and Non Notified which work out to 38.34% total population of the Municipality.

In order to improve the living conditions of the slum dwellers the Municipality is providing infrastructure facilities like Roads, Drains, Water Supply and Street Lighting.

History & Culture

Proddatur is the second largest town in the Y.S.R District of Andhra Pradesh State in India is known for its gold and cotton business. It is situated at 430 Kms from state capital and 51 kilometers from Kadapa Town.

It was constituted in the year 1915 and is upgraded as Special Grade Municipality in 1998 and is spread over an area of 7.125 Kms.

It is famous for its celebrations during the Vijaya Dasami festival and is considered second only to Mysore when it comes to these celebrations the town is referred to as the “ Second Bombay” because of the volume of gold and cotton business that happens there.

It has famous sufi saint (Sha Hussainvali) Darga, largely known as Chaussain Vali Darga. It is located in the heart of the city near gold marked.

It is known for varieties of snack items (e.g mirch bujji, cut mirch, rice puffs mixture and various other sweets and hot snacks) with mouth watering taste. Various stalls boast this trend in the town. Tangedu Pally Sweets are made in Proddatur using a special ghee.

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Nandyal is a special Grade Municipality in Kurnool Distrct of Andhra Pradesh. The Nandyal town is extended in an area of 19.00 sqkms. It is an important commercial centre catering the needs of several surrounding villages. It is also an important forest produce trading centre as being adjacent to Nallamalla forest. It is situated a midest of two famous pilligrims centres, Srisailam and Mahanandi.

The town cold be found on the Railway line between Guntakal and Guntur. In recent years, the town has grown in leaps and bounds. Many industries such as Sugar factory, Paper Mill, Cotton Mill, milk Dairy and various other such small scale industries have come up. The town is one of the important as an agricultural centre having several research centres on Government and Private sector.

In view of successful implementation of major irrigation projects like S.R.B.C and Telugu Ganga it is surrounded by Agricultural fields. The conversion of meter gauge line to broad gauge between Guntur and Guntakal decisively made Nandyal, a major commercial centre in Rayalaseema. It will facilitate movement of Agriculture and Industrial products to other centers of the State. Of late, the town is also developing into an Educational centre with the establishment of an Agricultural Research Centers, Agricultural Colleges, University & Medical College, Many Degree Colleges, Engineering Colleges, Pharmacy College and Polytechnic College.

Topographical Features

The town is spread in an area of 19.00 Sq KM’s and situated at an latitude of 15 29’ and longitude of 78 29’. The levels of the town vary between the contours of +203.00M to +223.00M above MSL. The town is surrounded by river Kundu on eastern side, Maddileru on Northern side and by K.C Canal and Nandyal irrigation tank on Western Side, A small vagu, Chamakaluva passes through the centre of the town. The temperature of the town various from 12C to 44C, the relative humidity various from 13 to 100. Average rainfall is 400mm / annum. Due to the natural resources and other projects, the town has much potential for agrow based productions of commercial as well as food grains such as Paddy, Cotton, Banana, Mirchi, Wheat, Jower etc.

Demography

The Nandyal town is divided into 30 Revenue wards, the population of the town as per 1961 census is 42,927 and it has increased to 212640 as per 2011 census. The decadal growth rate of population during 1961 – 2011 is 47.21%, 39.55%, 35.87%, 31.48% & 34.99%. The prospective population of the town is expected by the year 2032 is 312277 and for 2047 is 406968.The Households as per 2001 & 2011 are 37642 & 47479 respectively.

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S.No. : 1

YEAR : 1961

Population : 42927

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S.No. : 2

YEAR : 1971

Population : 63193

Increment : 20266

% of Increment : 47.21

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S.No. : 3

YEAR : 1981

Population : 88185

Increment : 24992

% of Increment : 39.55

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S.No. : 4

YEAR : 1991

Population : 119813

Increment : 31628

% of Increment : 35.87

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S.No. : 5

YEAR : 2001

Population : 157526

Increment : 37713

% of Increment : 31.48

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S.No. : 6

YEAR : 2011

Population : 212640

Increment : 55114

% of Increment : 34.99

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Economic Base of Town

Nandyal is a prominent commercial centre in Kurnool District. Paddy is main crop of the area rigid PVC pipe factories, Cement factories, Milk products are the source of main important reasons for commercial activities. Because of its strategic location on National Highway-18 i.e., Kurnool – Nellore, there is a significant development in business and commerce like cash crops Paddy, Cotton, Gram etc. Due to these facilities the people are migrating to Nandyal town for live hood causing for creating facilities such as housing and other civic infrastructure facilities.

Climate & Rainfall

The average city temperature various from 12oC TO 44oC. The maximum temperature recorded in the months April, May.

Soil Type

The Soils vary from Black Cotton, Sandy Loams and Red Soil.

Ground Water

The Ground water table is observed to be at a depth of about 30M in the town and the Ground water is not potable.

Traffic and Transportation

The town is situated on Railway route of Guntur-Guntakal, and has connecting railway routes to Hyderabad. National Highway- 18 and State Highway Anantapur- Guntur are passing through the town, APSRTC bus services are available through out the state and also having inter state express bus services.

Pattern of town

The town has developed on both sides of Highway i.e., Kurnool – Kadapa road the new extension are mostly towards Northern and Western side. It is observed that the development is taking place in all directions of the town. A canal called Chama Kalva is passig from East to West of the town. The normal slope of the town is from East to West and North to South and most of the water drains into Chama Kalva and finally drains into Kunda River.

Roads

The total road network is about 200.60 KM length out of which 128.00 Km length is covered with Pucca pavement i.e., CC / BT. About 35.00 km length is of WBM roads which are mostly in damaged condition and needs replacement with CC / BT. The remaining length of roads is of Kutcha roads which are to be developed. About 30% of the town area is not covered with Pucca Roads. The town was brought under APUSP programme with the financial assistance of Government of U.K. DFID, Most of the above roads in slum areas and their connecting roads are take up under the above programme and are now Pucca roads as most of them are completed.

Sewage (Under Ground Drainage System)

An amount of RS 72.84 cores was sanctioned by the Government of India & AP. for Under Ground Drainage Scheme vide GO.Ms.No.70 dt. 17-01-2008. The same is under progress, having taken up under UIDSSMT Scheme. The work is being executed by Public Health Engineering Department.

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Madanapalle, is a town and a Municipality located in the Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh state, India. The name of the town was originally “Maryaada raamanna puram” which has over time, changed into “Madanapalle”. Madanapalle was built in 1618 AD by Sri Ahobila Naidu. It was constituted as Municipality on 01-04-1961, with an area of 14.20 Sqkms covering 3 Revenue Villages Kammapalle, Bandameedakammapalle, Madanapalle urban area and 3 hamlets of ponnetipalem viz Sugalithanda, Nakkaladinne and Madanapalle. Madanapalle is one of the Revenue divisional headquarters in Chittoor District. The Municipality is having 17 Revenue wards divided in to 35 election wards with 32 notified poor settlements and 10 non notified poor settlements.

Connectivity:

Madanapalle is very well connected by road and rail. There are three Bus terminals in Madanapalle. State owned APSRTC buses run to different parts of the district, state and interstate – Bangalore (KA), Mysore, Bellary and Chennai (TN), Vellore. Madanapalle Road Railway Station (MPL) is situated on the Tirupati – Guntakal BG line and all the trains stops here. Trains are available here to travel to Guntakal and Secunderabad. Daily trains are available from and to Guntakal & Tirupati. Other nearest Railway Station is Kurabalakota Railway Station where only Passenger trains stops.

Demography:

As per 2011 Census of India, the town had a population of 135,669. The total population constitute, 67,432 males, 68,237 females and 13,448 children, in the age group of 0–6 years. The average literacy rate stands at 81.40% with 99,486 literates, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%.

Topography and climate:

It is located at an average elevation of 695 m (2,280 ft) above mean sea level. Madanapalle is located at 13.55°N 78.50°E. Madanapalle has pleasantly mild, to warm summers with average high temperatures of 30 to 35 degrees Celsius (86 F to 95 F). Temperatures do not exceed 40 degrees Celsius (104 F) and winters are cold with temperatures between 7 to 15 degrees Celsius (44.6 F to 59 F). Usually summer lasts from March to June, with the advent of rainy season in June, followed by winter which lasts till the end of February.

Tourist Attractions

Horsley Hills is a very popular summer hill resort situated near the town of Madanapalle in Andhra Pradesh.It is surrounded throughout its entire length with dense growths of eucalyptus, jacaranda, allamanda and gulmohar trees. The major tourist places around madanapalle are Lake Gangotri, Highview seeing place, Gaalibanda, Environmental Park and the Horsley Hills Museum. Horsley Hills is also one of the few places to offer Zorbing in India along with adventurous sports like rapelling and trekking.

The Environmental park known as EEC Centre was built with the help of a hydrogeologist and environmentalist from Hyderabad named Balijepalli Venkata Subba Rao, Director of the Centre For Resource Education. He spent the early years of his career in building EEC centres all over Andhra Pradesh trying to educate the common man about the importance of saving the environment and encouraging Eco Tourism. It is also called as Poor man’s OOTY.

History:

The history of Madanapalle dates back to 907 AD in the reign of Chola Kingdom. Earlier, the town was located to west of Sri Yogabhogeswara Swami Temple. Madanapalle was ruled by Vijayanagara Palegars namely Basanna and Madanna. In memory of their names, the two hills on the east of Madanapalle were named as “Madanna Hill” and “Basavanna Hill” which gradually transformed to Madinikonda and Basinikonda. During 907 – 955, Yadavanayikas and Hoyasalas ruled by Vijayanagara Empire. After its downfall, it went under the rule of Golkonda nawabs during 1565. During 1713, the Kadapa Nawab, Abdul Nabi Khan captured Madanapalle. Madanapalle was transformed from Karnataka provinson to Kadapa division. There was war between Kadapa Nawabs and Maharastra rulers for the sake of Madanapalle and Punganur provision. Kadapa Nawab was defeated by Balajirao Peshi and captured Madanapalle later Tipu Sultan annexed it before falling to the British.

Sir Thomas Munro was first collector of Cuddapah. He constructed a small thatched house at the present Collector’s bunglow and visited Madanapalle every summer. In 1850, Madanapalle was developed as subdivision and F.B.Manoly was the first Sub Collector. The town experienced several natural calamities like floods, famines and epidemics.

Rabindranath Tagore translated “Jana Gana Mana” from Bengali to English and also set it to music in Madanapalle. The National Anthem was written by Rabindranath Tagore as early as in 1911 and was sung at the annual session of the Indian National Congress at Calcutta on December 27 that year. But it was actually done in Besant Theosophical College, Madanapalle, where Tagore stayed for few days in February 1919 that the now familiar tune was set. It was Margaret Cousins, wife of educationist, Dr. James Henry Cousins, who composed the tune for ‘Janaganamana.’ Dr. Cousins was then the Principal of the Madanapalle College that was established by Dr. Annie Besant.

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Hindupur Municipality is Special Grade largest ULB in the Anantapur district of A.P it is spread over an area of 38.16 Sq.km with a population of 151835 (2011 census). The town is prosperous both commercially and industrially. The Hindupur Town is an important Pilgrim place of Sri Ranganath Swamy Temple and near by Lepakshi temple thousand of Pilgrims will be visiting for darsanam. The town is connected with railway facilities having railway station situated in banglore- dharmavaram junction under south central railway.

Location

It is located 625 Kms from Capital city and 98 Kms from District Headquarters. It is established as 3rd Grade Municipality in the year 1920.

The Municipal Town divided in to 30 Revenue Wards and 38 Election Wards.

Topography

Geographically it is situated at an latitude of 130 50’ and longitude of 770 30’. The average elevation in Hindupur is about 2000 ft above sea level.

Climate and Rainfall

Hindupur Town, in general, has tropical climate, winters last from November to February, while summer last from March to June. The annual rainfall is 551mm, most of it received during the months of July to August.

Demography

The population of the town as per 1991 census was 1,04,651 and is 1,25,056 as per 2001 census with an increase of 20% over the last decade, and as per 2011 census is 151835 with an increase of 21% over the last decade.

The people in the Municipality comprise Hindus-67%, Muslims-29%, Christians and others – 4%. Out of total population, SCs and STs constitute 8.82% and 0.57% respectively.

The sex ratio in this Municipality is 1000:987.

The literacy rate is 72% male population and 62% of the female population are literate.

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Year : 1961

Population : 32445

Decadal population Growth % :

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Year : 1971

Population : 42959

Decadal population Growth % : 32.4

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Year : 1981

Population : 55091

Decadal population Growth % : 28.24

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Year : 1991

Population : 104651

Decadal population Growth % : 89.96

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Year : 2001

Population : 125074

Decadal population Growth % : 19.51

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Year : 2011

Population : 151835

Decadal population Growth % : 21.39

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Economy

Hindupur is a prominent and renowned commercial centre in Anantapur District and the Rayalaseema Region. Cloth Business, Mundy Business are the most important businesses here along with the products, Jaggery, Tamarind, Chillies, Ground nuts and pulses. Besides, these, procuring Mulberry cocoons, production of silk threads, silk sarees is gaining momentum as one of the important commercial activity. Recently, some foreign teams from Switzerland and other countries and a team from World Bank visited Muddireddipally area of Hindupur town, where the manufacture of silk sarees is flourishing as a cottage industry and then explored the possibilities to develop the foreign trade of silk sarees and fabrics.

In the realm of Industries also Hindupur is in the process of development. The three efficiently managed Spinning Mills in the private sector are the Kirikera Food Products Ltd, a host of other industrial units in Thumakunta and Industrial Development area, which is 8 kms, southwards from Hindupur town on both sides of Hindupur Bangalore Highway. The Industrial estate in the Sugur Sadlapalli, and various other medium small & tiny industries and factories are coming up. These industrial units and already existing units such as starch factory, Oil Mills, Beedi and Match Factories, Agarbathi units and various cottage industries have been successful in creating an industrial atmosphere in the town. Hindupur town serves as an outlet for marketing the agricultural and industrial products of the hinterland, which comprises about 80 villages.

The Topographical features greatly influence the quantum of rainfall of any given region in the Monsoon tropics. Hindupur is no exception to the universal dictum. Situated far away from the eastern coast on the one hand, and effectively isolated by the Western Ghats on the other, Hindupur stands to double disadvantage of not receiving either of the monsoons in full. Hindupur receives the bulk of its rainfall between August and October. The annual average rainfall approximates to 55 cm. Rainfall here is not only inadequate but also uncertain and is widely fluctuating from year to year. Failure of monsoons in any year is bound to result in shortage of drinking water, not to speak of agricultural requirements. A good harvest and man’s prosperity and well being depend largely upon the quantum of rainfall with an eye on the sky, the farmer places his hands on the plough here. So much has been the dependence of the people on the monsoon for raising crops. There is no other single group of weather phenomena, which is so far reaching in its effects on man’s economic life, as the rain fall in this region.

Environmental Issues

The Rainfall is sparse and spasmodic. Borewells provide the ray of hope for drinking water purposes.

Though there are rivers like Penna and Kumudwathi, they remain dry through out the year.

There are no perennial rivers in the vicinity of Hindupur which results in excess dependence on underground water.

Over exploitation of ground water and indiscriminate drilling of bores for the past few years has caused depletion of the ground water table and drying of bore wells in most cases.

The poor, despite their low income, are left with no other option, but to purchase two or three pots for drinking purposes, or drink the same ground water with salinity and other impurities.

Urban Poor

There are 53 poor settlements both notified and un-notified. Of the total population of the town of 1,51,835, the population in the Notified Poor Settlements is 137560 constituting 60% of total population of town as per 2011 census.

This shows that most of the poor people are living in the slums.

The poorest of the poor live in a state or utter dependency as casual labour and petty artisans, struggling to make both ends meet, barely surviving on the margin of life, sunk neck-deep in the whirlpool of poverty.

As a result of low rainfall and recurring droughts, depletion of underground water table and lack of irrigation, poor people living in the surrounding villages migrate to the town in search of a better life.

This exodus of poor from villages surround the town in search of better livelihood opportunities resulting in a continuous extension of existing poor settlements and creation of new settlements of the poor.

Many poor people inhabit village poramboke sites or farmer villages on the outskirts of the town.

The merger of six panchayats in the Municipality and migration of poor people from the surrounding villages in search of some sort of livelihood contributed to the emergence of large number of poor settlements without any basic civic amenities and services, like shelter, drainage, water supply, health, education and livelihood.

Historical & Culture

Hindupur, a renowned business centre in Rayalaseema, in situated in close proximitly to internationally renowned “Lepakshi”, a veritable treasure-house a art and sculpture and “Puttaparthi” an adobe of spiritual splendor of a great soul Sri Satya Sai Baba.

It appears that the town was at first found by one Sri Hindu Rao by which name Siddhoji, the father of Morarji Rao of Gooty was known and thus it is names after him.

The Hindupur Municipal town is the southernmost Mandal head-quarters of the South Western ceded district, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, bordering Karnataka.

It was constituted as Municipality in the year 1920 and was upgraded as Special Grade Municipality in 1989.

The extent of the town is 38.16 sq.km (2637.34 acres) and the population as per 1991 census was 1,04,651 (at present as per 2001 census 1,25,056) Six panchayats (Mothukapalli, Sadlapalli, Kollakunta, Melapuram, Muddireddypalli, and Singireddy palli) were merged into this town in 1987.

The town comprises 30 Revenue wards and 38 election wards.

Geographically it is situated at an latitude of 130 50’ and longitude of 770 30’.

The town is surrounded by River Penna and has four irrigation tanks namely Kotnur Tank (Capacity of Tank:81.51 M.Cft, Area:20:90 M Sqft) on Northern side, Hindupur Pedda Cheruvu (Capacity of Tank:25.14 M.Cft, Area: 8.98 M sqft) on Sourthern side and Surappakunta (Capacity of Tank: 15.05 M.Cft, Area: 5.02 M Sqft) located Centrally and Srikantapuram Tank (Capacity of tank : 21.71 M.Cft, Area:11.43 Sqft) on Eastern side.

The Elevation of Hindupur town various from +620.000 to 630.000 mtrs.

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Gudivada Municipality is 2nd largest in the Krishna district of A.P it is spread over an area of 12.67 sq.kms with a population of 1,18,267 , 2011 Census). It is known for /famous for its Temples.

Location

It is located 45Kms, from Capital City and 34 Kms from District Head Quarters. It was established as 3rd Grade Municipality in the year 1937 vide Proc.No.813,dt:27/02/1937.

There are 6 Zones and 36 Election Wards in this Municipality.

Topography

Gudivada Town is situated on 16.43 North latitude 80.99 East longitude. It lies for North of a branch of Krishna river in an extensive plains stretching West wards to the Ghats. It is 40 miles from Vijayawada, 218 miles from Chennai and 223 miles from Visakhapatnam on Railway line A Trunk road to National Highway-9 connects the town with Hyderabad at Vijayavada.

Climate and Rainfall

Gudivada city Gets most of its annual rainfall due to the south west mansoon. It has a tropical savanna climate (Koppen climate classification AW) with hot summers and moderate winters. Gudivada Town, in general has a tropical climate, winters last from November to February, while summers last from March to June. The annual rainfall is 959mm, most of it received during the months of June, July, September, October.

Demography

The Population of the town which was 1,13,059 in 2001increased 1,18,289 in 2011 with an increase of 4.6% in the last decade. The sex ratio is 1,008 females per 1000 males. The literacy rate is 66% of the Male population and 56% of the female population are literate.

Economy

During the year it is an estimate an amount of Rs. 13.5 cores as receipt by way of Taxes and Non Taxes an other receipts. And an amount of Rs.11.35 crores expenditure incurred. Surplus is 2.15 crores.

Environmental Issues

The Town Gudivada falls in the hot humid region of the country and it is less than 35 miles from Bay of Bengal. The climate of the town is very hot and it is pleasant during the winter. The hottest to day falls in the month of May with shift to June during some years. The Maximum temperature observed is 50.30 C and the minimum temperature observed is 9.80 C.

Urban Poor

Under “NTR Bharosa Pensions” No.of Old age Pensions- 2526, Widow Pensions- 2872, Disabled Pensions- 922, Weavers Pensions- 50, Toddy Tappers Pensions- 6, Abhaya Hastham Pensions- 183 were distributed in every month. Under BC Loans- 124, Sc Loans118, ST Loans-5, Minority Loans-77, Christian Minority Loans-4. No.of Benfificaries were identified, relevant applications forwarded to concerned sanction of Loans.

History Culture

Gudivada is a city in Krishna district of the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh. It is a Special Grade Municipality. It is one of the cities in the state to be a part of Andhra Pradesh capital region development authority.

The name Gudivada was derived from Gudi meaning Temple and vada means settlement or town in Telugu Language. The presence of Habitation at this town may be dated back to 3rd Century BCE or 2nd Century BCE since the time of Sathavahanas as per some inscriptions. Archaeological excavations conducted at Gudivada yieleded an ancient Buddhist Stupa Mound Jain relics. Gudivada is religiously diversifies small town with many Hindu Temples and important Jain Tirth of Bhaghawan parshvaneth located at market road.

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