Kandukur Municipality is 4th largest ULB in the Prakasam District of A.P. it is spread over an area of 39.63.Sq.kms. with a population of57,246 (2011 census). It is known for / famous for its Tobbaco Boards.

Location

It is located 157 kms. From Capital City (Amaravathi ), and47 kms. From District Headquarters. It was established as Grade II Municipality in the year 1987. There are 30 Election Wards in this Municipality.

Topography

Climate and Rainfall

Tanuku Town, in general, has a tropical climate, winters last from November to February, while summers last from March to June. The annual rainfall is 313.4 mm, most of it received during the months of April to June.

Demography

The population of the town which was 47,497in 2001 increased to 57,246 in 2011 including

Economy

As per the Annual Income for the Municipality from all the sources like property taxes, Water taxes, Education Taxes, License fees, Remuneration enterprises and Town Planning Department extra is expected Including all Government Grant as Rs.706.06 lakshfor the financial year 2016-2017.

The annual Expenditure for the Financial Year as an abstract of various Head is arrived including all Government Grant as Rs704.20 laksh.

Environmental Issues

There are certain Environmental trendy programmes are being implemented in this Municipality as per the Guidelines and Instructions of the Government & Central Government issued from time to time under Solid Waste Management 2000 rules as well as IHHL Toilets Construction implementing under Swach Bharath and Swacha Andhra in this Municipality.

Urban Poor

There are certain welfare activities for Urban Poor poverty have been taken up in to this Municipality as sanctioned by the Government under various Schemes as follows.

No.of SHGs – 957

No.of Slum Level Federations – 36

No.of Town Level Federations -36

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Chirala is a town in Prakasam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and also the headquarters of Chirala mandal of Ongole revenue division. As of 2011 the town had a population of 87,200 and an urban agglomeration population of 162,471.

As of 2011 census of India, the town had a population of 87,200 with 23,070 households. It shows 2.04% growth in population, compared to 2001 Census of India which was recorded as 85,455.

The total population constitute, 42,927 males and 44,273 females —a sex ratio of 1031 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 940 per 1000.[12] 8,389 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 4,253 are boys and 4,136 are girls —a ratio of 973 girls per 1000 boys. The average literacy rate stands at 78.80% with 62,099 literates, higher than the national average of 73.00%.

The town was also known as Kshirapuri, which translates as the sea looks as white as milk. The name of the town has got transformed to Chirala. Chira in the regional language means Sari.

Chirala, which has earned a unique place in the history of the freedom struggle, which completed its 400 years on April 27, 2004, corresponding with the Telugu calendar `Vaishakha Shuddha Saptami. The foundation for present-day Chirala was laid in 1604 AD by two Yadavas, Minchala Papayya and Minchala Perayya. The town was carved out of Sudhaanagaram, original name of Paata Chirala (Old Chirla), that was granted to Chirala Anantaraju by Goparaju Ramanna, Minister of the Kakatiya king, Ganapati Deva, during Saka 1067 (1145 AD) as mentioned in the records obtained from the Madras Oriental Library. His descendant, Chirala Venkata Krishnudu, leased out the present Chirala area to the Yadavas for raising a new township. Thus, present-day Chirala was born on Vaishakha Shuddha Saptami of Vishwavasu Vatsaram or Vishwavasu Samvatsaram (Year name as per Telugu calendar), corresponding to 1604 AD.

In the new township, a Venugopalaswamy temple was constructed in 1619 and that of Malleswaraswamy in 1620, while that of Gangamma was built a little later. As the temples did not have any chariots, Chirala Ramanna Pantulu built two chariots for the two temples towards the middle of the 19th century. Now a lot of temples have come up.

With the advent of a railway station on the Madras-Calcutta-New Delhi main line, Chirala developed commercially with its population reaching a little over two lakhs and fifty thousands, while Paata Chirala, which once traded through the ancient port of Motupalli, shrunk to become an obscure village with a population of just 5,000.

Anuguraju of the Hyheya dynasty, who ruled over Palanadu, visited Paata Chirala along with his entourage that included the famous socio-religious reformer, Brahma Naidu, during the twelfth century and left behind the idol of Chennakeshava Swamy, his family deity with his consorts and weapons, used by Palanadu warriors. The ancient Aadikeshava Swamy temple, originally built by the Cholas during the eleventh century, and now in a dilapidated condition, is being rebuilt by Shri Arulananda Swamy, head of Shri Lalitaananda Ashram of Oodarevu, near here.

Chirala, which was regarded as a health resort by Britishers, got a medical facility as early as in 1906 with the opening of the Edward VII Coronation Memorial Hospital. Dr. Mary Baer, an American, also opened the Dr. Baer Missionary Hospital in 1912 when Chirala and its neighborhood villages did not have medical facilities except at Guntur.

This town was a stage for the well known Chirala – Perala movement, which was led by Andhra Ratna Duggirala Gopalakrishnayya garu. He has fought against British municipalities which levied higher taxation on the people.

The Europeans also started a tobacco curing factory of the ITC Limited in 1923, opening job opportunities to people.

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Naidupet Nagarapanchayat

The Naidupet Gram Panchayat has been constituted as Naidupet Nagarapanchyat Vide G O Ms No.442 of Municipal Administration and Urban Development (Ele-I) Department, dt. 29-11-2012 of the Government of Andhra Pradesh.

Naidupet is having population 45055 by the year 2011 and consisting with an extent of 19.40 Sq. Kms.

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The name Vikrama Simhapuri derives itself from literature and inscriptions of 12th century AD which mention the place as ‘Vikrama Simhapuri’. This name is linked to an early Pallava ruler, Simha – Vishnu (575 – 600 AD), though the Pallava inscriptions either of Simha – Vishnu or of the latter period did not refer to Simhapuri in spite of the fact that Nellore remained a part of the early Pallava territory of pre- and post- Simha Vishnu period.

Nellore was under the reign of the Pallavas, Cholas, Chalukyas, Kaktiyas, and the Vijayanagara empire. The city was known as Vikrama Simhapuri and was the capital of Manumasiddhi of Nellore Cholas in the thirteen century. The great Telugu poet Tikkanna Somayaji translated 15 parvas of Sanskrit Mahabharata into Telugu in Nellore.

For over two centuries, Nellore used to bring visions of huge tracts of paddy fields comprising mostly the Molagolukulu variety. ‘Nelli’ is a word derived from Tamil that indicates ‘paddy’ in Telugu and the Britishers have spelled the district with Nelli-Uru (paddy village) and it was then transformed as Nellore from its traditional name Simhapuri.

Significance:

Nellore is an important market center for cotton and oilseed products. This is boosted by the fact that a major railway line and a national highway passes through the city, and transfer of commerce and commercial products was never a problem. The city also supports industries like aqua-culture, rice mills, and a battery factory (Nippo). The upcoming port of Krishnapattanam, only 40 km away, has further increased the importance of Nellore.

There are several temples that are worth visiting when in Nellore. The Ranganatha Swamy Temple is located on the southern bank of Penna River, and it is almost 500 years old. The temple is known for its architectural splendor, marked by a 29-meter tall Gopuram and seven gold kalasams

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Vinukonda Municipality has constituted in the year 2005 vide G.O.Ms.No.365, MA., Dt.29.04.2005 by upgrading from Vinukonda Panchyat to Grade III Municipality and it upgraded to Grade II Municipality in the year 2018 vide G.O.Ms.No.188, MA., Dt.08.06.2018.

It spreads over an area of 22.82 Sq.Km with population of 59,725 (As per 2011 Census).

The Municipality is situated at an elevation of 87.00 Mts above mean sea level having a least lateral dimension of 2.44 Km from west to east and around 2.60 K.m from north to south.

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